3-4 | 2019-2020 - Varia

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1. L’âge axial : retour sur un concept mis en œuvre par S. N. Eisenstadt

Renée Koch Piettre.

Wir besprechen die Relevanz des Axialen Alter‑Begriffes von S.  N.  Eisenstadt in seiner Anwendung an Griechenland. Nach Eisenstadt war Griechenland, trotz seiner Philosophen, nicht idealistisch genug geblieben, um völlig ins axiale Alter hereinzukommen. Wir zeigen, dass die östlichen Einflüsse, sowohl in der Hellenistischen Ära, als auch als die Griechen das Phönizier‑Schreiben anpassten, immer durch die Griechen ihren eigenen Traditionen untergeordnet worden sind.

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2. Un lieu et un lien. L’espace intellectuel socialiste: Un espace spécifique et hétéronome

Thibaut Rioufreyt.

The production of political ideas goes beyond the organizational boundaries of the political parties and takes place through the mediation of collective actors ( foundations, clubs, think tanks, magazines, publishers, grandes écoles, research centers, universities,...) and individuals (political leaders, intellectuals, experts, translators, editors,...) coming from logics and heterogeneous social spaces. In this perspective, this article proposes to interrogate the topological concepts available to the social scientist (network, social world, field, epistemic community,...) to analyze these hybrid spaces by applying them to an empirical case : the socialiste intellectual space.

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3. Le débat public sur le port de signes religieux par les représentants de l’État au Québec (2007‑2018): Entre accord et désaccord

Gilles Gauthier.

El artículo hace el examen de la evolución del debate apreciado en Quebec desde más de una decena de años sobre el puerto de signos religiosos por los representantes del Estado poniendo en evidencia cómo osciló entre acuerdo y desacuerdo. El análisis muestra que los desplazamientos del debate son determinados por la introducción en su pecho de infra-debates que se refiere en cuestiones subyacentes que modifican los contornos y, a falta de seres plenamente aclarados, lo oscurecen.

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4. Le ghunghat, ethnographie d’un voile comme langage social. Corps et société en Inde du Nord

Laurence Lécuyer.

The ghunghat is a veiling practice of North India. Its peculiarity holds in the fact that it is not linked to a religion. It reveals the social and family organisation in India, is tightly linked with marriage practices and mirrors the representations of the self and of the body. An anthropological analysis of this practice reveals its multiple dimensions, especially a social, aesthetic and sacred dimension. A comparative study between the way the veil is conceived both in India and in France will allow to rethink the veil beyond the religious and political dimensions in which it is crystalized in the French context.

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5. L'incidence du système de préférence nationale monégasque sur la construction de l'identité de la population de la principauté de Monaco

Jérôme Tourbeaux.

The Principality of Monaco has the particularity of having instituted a system of hierarchical national preference favoring Monegasques first, then individuals who share more or less close ties with the Principality, particularly in the fields of employment and housing. The objective of the principality is to maintain the national citizens in the territory given its attractiveness and the pressure on the cost of real estate that results. This article proposes to discuss this system of national preference which, from a conceptual point of view certainly influences the identity-building process of the different categories of individuals residing in Monaco, thus shaping the relations between the different groups present in the country.

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6. La « sociabilité du passage » ou la rencontre avec une altérité modérée comme partage interculturel

Pauline Marie Neveu.

Sociability is a central concept in sociology. Applying it to new ways of creating social bounds questions the mere definition of the concept, particularly in its relationship with otherness. We suggest using the “passing through” sociability in order to better understand the tensions between likeness and otherness at the core of social relationships between strangers. Specifically, this paper aims to illustrate moments of intercultural openness between members of a hospitality exchange network.

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7. Écologies de l’intégration : l’activisme socio-culturel palestinien en Suède

Fanny Christou.

This article aims to critically analyse established integration models and look into how migrants/diasporas actively create practices of encounter, dialogue and mutual learning within host societies. This paper is based on fieldwork in a Swedish local space (Malmö) and explores the diversity of artistic activism of the Palestinians in Sweden in order to analyse its consequences on the concept of integration.

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8. Les ressources du cosmopolitisme ordinaire pour les exilés Rohingyas, sans papiers en Malaisie

Louise Perrodin.

Seit den  1990er  Jahren suchen Rohingya Zuflucht nach Malaysien. Dort haben sie keinen formellen Status, weil Malaysien keinen Flüchtlingsstatus anerkennt. Trotz dieser Nichtanerkennung ist diese importierte Kategorie im Diskurs von Rohingyas allgegenwärtig. In diesem Artikel wird das Verständnis dieses internationalen Status von Rohingya Flüchtlinge analysiert. Es wird argumentiert, dass der Kosmopolitismus, der zu einem alltäglichen Kosmopolitismus verinnerlicht wird, eine Ressource für die Verankerung undokumentierte Flüchtlinge darstellt.

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9. Comprendre la ville à travers ses affiches de rue : les significations d’un urbanisme pluriel à Yaoundé

Salifou Ndam ; Hyacinthe Jean Abega.

In Yaounde, street posters carry hierarchical social dynamics and rivalries that characterize the struggle for the expression of rights to the city. As the city is divided into separate display areas, the street posters are then intended to reproduce the social hierarchies. At the same time, some posters fight against these logics through what are known as “counter-power” and “counter-space” strategies, synonymous of plural urbanism.

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10. La pluralité des rapports à l’écoquartier et à l’écocitoyenneté : un attachement commun au local et à la démocratisation de l’écologie ?

Karl Berthelot.

This article is the result of empirical research focused on the socio‑spatial drivers of the greening of ways of life and the diffusion‑reappropriation of ecocitizenship. It is based on a dozen semi‑directive interviews and 93 interviews by survey with residents of ecodistricts in Ile‑de‑France (Clichy‑Batignolles, Bel  Air‑Grands  Pêchers and Chandon‑République). The analysis of ways of life reveals the plurality of relationships with the ecodistrict, a pleasant place to live but also a catalyst for daily inconveniences that hinder the integration of residents into their local environment. Feedback from the inhabitants shows that ecogests are widespread in all representations related to ecology. However, they testify to the richness of subjective relationships to ecocitizenship, oscillating between defence and opposition to the standards of sustainable development. These vernacular discourses are at the origin of a semantic and pragmatic reappropriation of ecocitizenship, which will thus be shaped according to life constraints and personal values, all variables likely to have an effective influence on environmental awareness and sensitivity. The research results reveal plural expectations regarding the democratization of ecology, fluctuant according to personal social (dis)positions. The recognition of these determinants, which also explains the phenomena of inertia‑strengthening of pro‑environmental behaviour, renews the framework related to […]

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11. L’autisme à l’épreuve des normes sociales : ville‑carcan et nature‑liberté

Anna-Livia Marchionni.

I met people with Asperger syndrome to explore their relationship to nature by collecting their testimony and conducting ethnographic surveys at the homes of two of them. From these testimonies and observations, I articulate my remarks around two central axes: if the importance of the sensoriality in their relationship with nature and environment is highlighted, a second axis emerges: that of stigmatization and experience of rejection, which would lead the people I met to turn to nature as a space freed from social norms.

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12. La lutte contre l’épidémie d’Ebola en Guinée et les difficultés liées aux identités professionnelles et communautaires

Abdoulaye Wotem Somparé.

This article describes the interactions among different social actors involved in the fight against the Ebola epidemic in Guinea, focusing on their professional and community identities. It shows how the epidemic has contributed to create new identities, grouped into two different semantic fields: the “Ebola people” and the “communities”, but also new professional identities. In the theoretical framework of Olivier  de  Sardan’s socio-anthropology of development, the article tries to provide a better knowledge about the experts of the “Riposte,” belonging to different disciplinary fields and on their representations of local people.

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13. La réalité virtuelle fait-elle plus de place au patient ? Retour sur un dispositif expérimental de recherche thérapeutique

Ivan Sainsaulieu ; Anne Vega.

We follow from a socio-anthropological point of view the ins and outs of an experiment in neuroscience, showing a desire to increase the therapeutic effectiveness of a virtual reality device (VR) in the treatment of phobias. Patient participation, which is at the heart of therapeutic promise and the use of virtual reality technology, is partial and relatively unthinking. The actors prioritize research on the clinic and share the classic representation of the “good patient” (actionable, without social constraints, available), or even of a heroic patient, capable of an unusual endurance and adaptability. This representation goes hand in hand with the underestimation of the therapeutic tests inherent in the use of virtual reality and with the underestimation of the patient’s analytical capacities during the experiment itself.

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14. Pejoska Frosa, 2018, L’Émigration, du fait social à la coutume, P.I.E. Peter Lang, Bern/Bruxelles, 188 p.

Corina Iosif-Sîrbu.

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15. Cicchelli Vincenzo, 2019, Plural and Shared: The Sociology of a Cosmopolitan World, Brill, Leiden/Boston, 228 p.

Camil-Alexandru Parvu.

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16. Demoule Jean-Paul , Garcia Dominique et Schnapp Alain (dir.), 2018, Une Histoire des civilisations. Comment l’archéologie bouleverse nos connaissances, La Découverte/INRAP, Paris, 605 p.

Christophe Darmangeat.

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17. Garbati Giuseppe, Pedrazzi Tatiana (eds.), 2016, Transformations and Crisis in the Mediterranean: “Identity” and Interculturality in the Levant and Phoenician West during the 8th-5th Centuries BCE, Suppl. Rivista di studi fenici, xliv, CNR Edizioni, Roma, 300 p.

Anna Angelini.

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18. Lucken Michael, 2017, Le Japon grec. Culture et possession, Bibliothèque des Histoires, Gallimard, Paris, 256 p.

Andrea Taddei.

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19. Lewandowski Tadeusz (ed.), 2018, Zitkala-Ša, Letters, Speeches, and Unpublished Writings, 1898-1929, Brill, Leiden/Boston, 270 p.

Marine Le Puloch.

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20. « Expat’ » à Abu Dhabi. Blanchité et construction du groupe national chez les migrant·e·s français·es

Claire Cosquer.

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21. Vivre la révolution de 2011 à distance. Sociologie des migrations en France

Celia Lamblin.

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22. La fabrique d’une communauté transnationale, les Jummas entre France et Bangladesh

Paul Nicolas.

Résumé de la thèse de doctorat en géographie, sous la direction de Virginie Baby‑Collin, soutenue le 1er juin 2017.

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23. Les mobilisations familiales et/ou individuelles pour la réalisation de projets d’émigration clandestine de la Casamance vers l’Europe

Abdoulaye Ngom.

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24. La puissance des genres fictionnels de l’imaginaire, sociologie d’une mouvance sociétale

Frédérique Réguant.

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25. La farce verbale quechua. Une ethnographe en pays burlesque et érotique

Camille Riverti.

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26. Les usagers des campus universitaires marseillais face à la délinquance et aux incivilités

Pierre Olivier Weiss.

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27. L’insertion des Mozabites d’Algérie dans les territoires d’accueil. Organisation et solidarité de la communauté mozabite hors du M’Zab : l’exemple de la jma’a de Bordj Bou Arreridj

Nora Gueliane.

الهجرة هي سمة مميزة للمزابيين ، وهم أقلية لغوية و عقائدية تتميز بارتباطها القوي بهويتها و كذا بخصوصية مؤسساتها العرفية الفعالة الى يومنا هذا. حيثما استقر المزابيون ، في الجزائر أو في الخارج ، يتم إنشاء مجلس عرفي او جماعة ويتم حيازة املاك و عقارات على شكل اوقاف اباضية :منزل الجماعة، مدرسة اباضية حرة، مسجد، مقبرة، مركز ثقافي، مكتبة... إلخ ، هذا على مستوى المدينة. على المستوى الوطني، تتم إدارة كل مقاطعة بواسطة تنسيقية و التنسقيات يتراسها مجلس كونفدرالي مقره في غرداية -مجلس عمي السعيد الجربي -.في هذا المقال سنتناول بشكل مفصل هذه المؤسسات و سنعمل على توضيح الآليات التي يعتمدها المزابيون من أجل تسهيل تنظيمهم في مدن اقامتهم خارج مزاب. في نهاية هذا النص ، سنكون قادرين على تقييم و اثبات الدور الفعال للتضامن الاجتماعي في تعبئة المجموعة و تسهيل عملية تاقلم المهاجرين الميزابيين في مدن اقامتهم.

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