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  1. Home > Articles & Issues >
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  3. L’archéologie au ser ...
Article

L’archéologie au service des identités nationales : pourquoi faudrait-il détruire les collections de moulages d’art antique ?

Irene Avola ORCID (1)
(1) Anthropologie et Histoire des Mondes Antiques
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Publication details
Imported on
May 10, 2023
Published on
May 10, 2023
Last modified on
April 1, 2025
Volume 7
Identity versus science? Science at the service of identity?
Articles
DOI
10.46298/societes-plurielles.2023.11290
License
Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
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L’archéologie au service des identités nationales : pourquoi faudrait-il détruire les collections de moulages d’art antique ?

Irene Avola ORCID (1)
(1) Anthropologie et Histoire des Mondes Antiques
Abstract
English
Following the example of Germany and after 1870s, plaster casts of ancient art are subject to a “cultural transfer” in France and in Italy. This kind of process reflects the birth of archaeology as a science; it is aligned to a specific change in higher education and it allows a nation building / re-building (by referring to Italian and French examples). In addition, the consolidating nation process is based on a cultural mechanism caused by globalization, i.e. “inventing tradition”. The “myth of white Greece” or that of “Romanity” can be taken into account in order to justify the destruction of plaster casts of ancient art.
French
À l’instar de l’Allemagne et à partir des années 1870, le moulage d’art antique fait l’objet d’un véritable « transfert culturel » en France et en Italie. Ce processus qui témoigne de l’émergence de l’archéologie en tant que science, s’insère dans le cadre plus vaste d’une modification de l’enseignement supérieur et d’une construction (dans le cas de l’Italie) ou d’un redressement de la nation (en France). Cependant, le processus de consolidation de l’État-nation se fonde sur un autre mécanisme culturel engendré par la mondialisation‑globalisation, à savoir l’« invention de la tradition ». Tels sont les cas notamment du « mythe de la Grèce blanche » ou de celui de la « Romanité » qui peuvent offrir des arguments suffisants pour justifier la destruction des collections de moulages d’art antique.
Italian
Sul modello della Germania e a partire dagli anni ’70 del XIX sec. il calco di arte antica è oggetto di un vero e proprio «transfert culturale» in Francia e in Italia. In particolare, tale transfert segna la nascita dell’archeologia come scienza e s’inserisce nel quadro più ampio di una modifica dell’insegnamento superiore e di una (ri)costruzione della nazione (rispettivamente in Italia e in Francia). Inoltre, il processo di consolidamento dello Stato-nazione si basa su un secondo meccanismo culturale causato dalla mondializzazione‑globalizzazione, ovvero l’«invenzione della tradizione». Un esempio è dato soprattutto dal «mito della Grecia bianca» e da quello della «Romanità» che possono offrire degli argomenti sufficienti a giustificare la distruzione delle collezioni di calchi di arte antica.
Keywords
English
  • [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology
  • [SHS.ART]Humanities and Social Sciences/Art and art history
  • [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History
  • [SHS.MUSEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology
  • plaster casts
  • plaster cast gallery
  • pedagogical and scientific tool
  • ancient sculpture
  • archaeology of art
  • history of archaeology
  • cultural transfer
  • inventing traditions
  • national identities
French
  • moulages
  • tirages en plâtre
  • gypsothèques
  • instrument pédagogique et scientifique
  • sculpture antique
  • archéologie de l’art
  • histoire de l’archéologie
  • transfert culturel
  • invention de la tradition
  • identités nationales
Italian
  • calchi
  • riproduzioni in gesso
  • gipsoteche
  • strumento pedagogico e scientifico
  • scultura antica
  • archeologia dell’arte
  • storia dell’archeologia
  • transfert culturale
  • invenzione della tradizione
  • identità nazionali
Cited by

Source: OpenCitations

  • Unearthing Identity: the Role of Archaeology in Shaping English National Identity and Heritage Interpretation

    Journal of Field Archaeology

    Authors : Mohamed Khater ORCID, Mohamed Faik

    Journal reference : Volume 50, 2024, pp. 215-225

    DOI : 10.1080/00934690.2024.2405758
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