{"journal": {"journal_issue": {"issue": "Articles", "journal_volume": {"volume": "Facing the challenge of the..."}, "publication_date": {"day": "19", "year": "2017", "month": "05", "@media_type": "online"}}, "journal_article": {"titles": {"title": "Épistémologie de l’exception"}, "program": [{"@name": "AccessIndicators", "license_ref": [{"value": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0", "@applies_to": "am", "@start_date": "2017-05-19"}, {"value": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0", "@applies_to": "vor", "@start_date": "2017-05-19"}, {"value": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0", "@applies_to": "tdm", "@start_date": "2017-05-19"}], "free_to_read": {"value": "", "@start_date": "2017-05-19"}}, {"related_item": {"intra_work_relation": {"value": "https://hal.science/hal-01509747v1", "@identifier-type": "uri", "@relationship-type": "isSameAs"}}}], "abstract": {"value": [{"value": "Außergewöhnliche Situationen werden meist als untypisch, komisch und selten dargestellt. Womit lässt sich dann aber ihre systematische Untersuchung rechtfertigen? Ausgehend von der Differenzierung zwischen Abweichungen, Ausnahmen und Sonderfällen, hebt dieser Beitrag drei epistemische Beiträge außergewöhnlicher Fälle hervor. Erstens verdeutlichen außergewöhnliche Fälle die Grenzen von Kategorien und Klassifizierungen. Ihr Beitrag ist kritisch. Zweitens verweisen außergewöhnliche Fälle auf neue Gegenstandsmodelle. Sie erhalten einen paradigmatischen Rang durch das Aufzeigen spezifischer Charakteristika dieser neuen Modelle. Drittens verdeutlichen außergewöhnliche Fälle Beziehungsmodelle, die in gewöhnlicheren Zusammenhängen unsichtbar bleiben. Ihr Beitrag ist hier heuristisch. Diese drei Beiträge sind möglich, wenn wir unsere normativen Verhaltensweisen bezüglich des Vorhersehbaren aufheben und die Fälle in Beziehung zu einem analytischen Raum konstitutiver Dimensionen setzen. Der Beitrag fußt hauptsächlich auf Beispielen aus den Sozialwissenschaften: Organisationssoziologie, Ethnomethodologie, vergleichende Geschichtssoziologie und Wissenschaftsgeschichte", "@xml:lang": "de"}, {"value": "Exceptional cases are at odds with the typical : they stand out as bizarre and rare. What then could justify their systematic analysis? Elaborating the analytical distinction between anomalies, exceptions and outliers, this paper outlines three potential epistemic contributions of exceptional cases. First, exceptional cases reveal the limits of standard classification categories. In so doing, they problematize usual classificatory grids. Their input is critical. Second, exceptional cases point to new classes of objects. They acquire paradigmatic status when they exemplify the characteristic features of these new classes with utmost clarity. Third, exceptional cases magnify relational patterns that in more mundane contexts lack visibility. Here their contribution is heuristic. These three contributions become possible when we put at bay normative expectations of what should happen, and specify cases by reference to an analytical space of constitutive dimensions. To underscore the general significance of these observations, I draw on examples borrowed from different quarters of the social sciences: the sociology of organizations, ethnomethodology, comparative historical sociology and the history of science", "@xml:lang": "en"}, {"value": "Cet article éclaire trois contributions possibles du cas d’exception défini comme tout objet de considération qui se démarque et se distingue d’un cadre normatif, d’une thèse explicative ou d’une distribution fréquentielle. La contribution est critique lorsque le cas met en doute les fondements d’une taxonomie, le bien-fondé d’un énoncé prédictif ou celui d’une modélisation. Elle est paradigmatique dès lors que le cas exemplifie un ensemble de propriétés caractéristiques d’une classe empirique. Elle devient heuristique à partir du moment où le cas rend visible la logique de rapports restés jusqu’alors non documentés", "@xml:lang": "fr"}]}, "doi_data": {"doi": "10.46298/societes-plurielles.2017.3671", "resource": "http://societes-plurielles.episciences.org/3671", "collection": [{"item": {"@crawler": "iParadigms", "resource": "https://hal.science/hal-01509747v1/document"}, "@property": "crawler-based"}, {"item": {"resource": {"value": "https://hal.science/hal-01509747v1/document", "@mime_type": "application/pdf"}}, "@property": "text-mining"}]}, "keywords": {"0": "[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology", "de": ["Anomalie", "Ausnahme", "Abweichung", "Paradigmas", "Sozialwissenschaften", "Soziologische Theorie"], "en": ["Sociological theory", "Social sciences", "Anomaly", "Exception", "Outlier", "Paradigm"], "fr": ["Vagues de mobilisation", "Paradigme", "Déviation", "Modèles stochastiques", "Décisions Critiques", "Sciences sociales", "Théorie sociologique"]}, "@language": "fr", "contributors": {"person_name": {"surname": "Ermakoff", "@sequence": "first", "given_name": "Ivan", "affiliations": {"institution": [{"institution_id": {"@type": "ror", "value": "https://ror.org/04aq4ab28"}, "institution_name": "Centre d'Etudes Sociologiques et Politiques Raymond Aron", "institution_acronym": "CESPRA"}, {"institution_id": {"@type": "ror", "value": "https://ror.org/04aq4ab28"}, "institution_name": "CEntre des Savoirs sur le Politique. Recherches et Analyses", "institution_acronym": "CESPRA"}]}, "@contributor_role": "author"}}, "publisher_item": {"item_number": {"value": "3671", "@item_number_type": "article_number"}}, "acceptance_date": {"day": "19", "year": "2017", "month": "05", "@media_type": "online"}, "publication_date": {"day": "19", "year": "2017", "month": "05", "@media_type": "online"}, "@publication_type": "full_text"}, "journal_metadata": {"issn": {"value": "2557-9959", "@media_type": "electronic"}, "@language": "en", "full_title": "Sociétés plurielles"}}, "database": {"current": {"url": "http://societes-plurielles.episciences.org/3671", "flag": "imported", "type": {"title": "article"}, "dates": {"posted_date": "2017-05-19 13:51:24", "publication_date": "2017-05-19 15:03:57", "modification_date": "2025-03-31 22:24:04", "first_submission_date": "2017-05-19 13:51:24"}, "files": {"link": "http://societes-plurielles.episciences.org/3671/pdf"}, "isTmp": false, "status": {"id": 16, "label": {"en": "published", "fr": "publié"}}, "volume": {"id": 307, "year": "2017", "number": 1, "titles": {"en": "Facing the challenge of the event in the Social Sciences and the Humanities", "fr": "Les sciences humaines et sociales à l’épreuve de l’événement"}, "position": "7", "settings": {"is_open": false, "is_current_issue": false, "is_special_issue": false}, "descriptions": {"en": "The wave of attacks that shook France in January 2015 and the multiple explanatory interpretations given to them by the media raised a question among the members of our program: how can we give an immediate scientific response to a factual phenomenon of such complexity? In other words, how can an event - that is, a temporal marker distinguishing a before and an after - call into question our scientific practice, which is based on duration, or even the long term? This issue contains both polemical texts to which it is not our place to respond directly, and theoretical and methodological articles focusing either on the notion of the ‘exceptional case’ or on the notion of the ‘event’ itself. Other, more empirical contributions illustrate the different ways of understanding the event, depending on the definition of the term and the working method specific to each discipline in the humanities and social sciences.", "fr": "La vague d’attentats qui a secoué la France au mois de janvier 2015 et les multiples interprétations explicatives qui en ont été données par les médias ont suscité chez les membres du programme une interrogation : comment donner une réponse scientifique immédiate à un phénomène factuel d’une telle complexité ? Autrement dit, comment un événement, c’est-à-dire un marqueur temporel distinguant un avant et un après, vient-il questionner notre pratique scientifique, qui s’inscrit, elle, dans la durée, voire dans la longue durée ? Ce numéro accueille à la fois des textes à caractère polémique auxquels il ne nous appartient pas de répondre directement, des articles théoriques et méthodologiques centrés soit sur la notion de « cas d’exception », soit sur la notion même d’« événement ». D’autres contributions, plus empiriques, illustrent les différentes manières d’appréhender l’événement en fonction tant de la définition que l’on donne de ce terme, que de la méthode de travail propre à chacune des disciplines des sciences humaines et sociales."}, "has_proceedings": false, "bibliographical_references": ""}, "journal": {"id": 13, "url": "http://societes-plurielles.episciences.org", "code": "societes-plurielles", "name": "Sociétés plurielles"}, "metrics": {"file_count": 894, "page_count": 769}, "section": {"id": 80, "titles": {"en": "Articles", "fr": "Articles"}, "position": 2, "settings": {"is_open": true}, "descriptions": null}, "version": 1, "cited_by": null, "mainPdfUrl": "https://hal.science/hal-01509747v1/document", "repository": {"id": "1", "name": "HAL", "type": "repository", "status": "1", "api_url": "https://api.archives-ouvertes.fr", "doc_url": "https://hal.science/hal-01509747v1", "base_url": "https://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/oai/hal/", "paper_url": "https://hal.science/hal-01509747v1/document", "doi_prefix": "", "identifier": "oai:HAL:hal-01509747v1"}, "identifiers": {"concept_identifier": null, "document_item_number": 3671, "permanent_item_number": 3671, "repository_identifier": "hal-01509747"}, "classifications": [], "original_language": "en", "position_in_volume": 6, "graphical_abstract_file": ""}, "previous_versions": null, "first_version_item_number": 3671, "latest_version_item_number": 3671}}